\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u4e34\u5e8a\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\uff0c\u611f\u67d3\u6027\u75be\u75c5\u5e38\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u6025\u6027\u4e0e\u6162\u6027\u4e24\u5927\u7c7b\u3002\u6025\u6027\u708e\u75c7\u5f80\u5f80\u53d1\u75c5\u6025\u9aa4\uff0c\u6570\u5929\u81f3\u6570\u5468\u5185\u5373\u53ef\u88ab\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u6e05\u9664\u6216\u7ecf\u836f\u7269\u6cbb\u7597\u540e\u75ca\u6108\uff1b\u800c\u6162\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u8fc1\u5ef6\u6570\u6708\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u5e74\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u5468\u671f\u53ef\u8fbe\u6025\u6027\u708e\u75c7\u7684\u51e0\u500d\u81f3\u6570\u5341\u500d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u80cc\u540e\u5e76\u975e\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u6bd2\u529b\u5f3a\u5f31\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6d89\u53ca\u5fae\u751f\u7269\u9002\u5e94\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u5bbf\u4e3b\u514d\u75ab\u5e94\u7b54\u7279\u70b9\u3001\u836f\u7269\u53ef\u53ca\u6027\u53ca\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u6539\u9020\u7b49\u590d\u6742\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5171\u540c\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300aMandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases\u300b\uff08\u7b2c9\u7248\uff09\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u6162\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6307\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u4f53\u5185\u6301\u7eed\u5b58\u5728\u8d85\u8fc73\u4e2a\u6708\u4e14\u5e38\u89c4\u6297\u611f\u67d3\u6cbb\u7597\u96be\u4ee5\u5b8c\u5168\u6e05\u9664\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u6cbb\u7597\u5468\u671f\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u60a3\u8005\u4e0e\u516c\u4f17\u5efa\u7acb\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5eb7\u590d\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u957f\u671f\u89c4\u8303\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002
\u4e00\u3001\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u751f\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5dee\u5f02
\u6025\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u5982\u94fe\u7403\u83cc\u3001\u6d41\u611f\u75c5\u6bd2\u7b49\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u589e\u6b96\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u7834\u574f\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u514d\u75ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u6e05\u9664\u3002\u6162\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u5219\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u591a\u79cd\u9690\u533f\u4e0e\u8010\u53d7\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5178\u578b\u4ee3\u8868\u5305\u62ec\u91d1\u9ec4\u8272\u8461\u8404\u7403\u83cc\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u751f\u7269\u819c\u3001\u7ed3\u6838\u5206\u679d\u6746\u83cc\u5728\u5de8\u566c\u7ec6\u80de\u5185\u7684\u6301\u7559\u72b6\u6001\u4ee5\u53ca\u94dc\u7eff\u5047\u5355\u80de\u83cc\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u611f\u5e94\u8c03\u63a7\u3002\u751f\u7269\u819c\u7531\u591a\u7cd6\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u8d28\u548c\u7ec6\u80de\u5916DNA\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u5c06\u83cc\u843d\u5305\u88f9\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u963b\u6321\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6e17\u900f\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u7ec6\u83cc\u4ee3\u8c22\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u8fdb\u5165\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u4f11\u7720\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6301\u7559\u83cc\u7684\u4e9a\u7fa4\u53ef\u8010\u53d7\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5e38\u89c4\u6740\u83cc\u6d53\u5ea6\u7684\u836f\u7269\u3002\u4e00\u9879\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u300aClinical Microbiology Reviews\u300b\u7684\u7efc\u8ff0\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u751f\u7269\u819c\u76f8\u5173\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u8010\u53d7\u6027\u53ef\u8fbe\u6d6e\u6e38\u83cc\u768410\u81f31000\u500d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5236\u5bfc\u81f4\u5373\u4f7f\u4f53\u5916\u836f\u654f\u8bd5\u9a8c\u663e\u793a\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u4f53\u5185\u7597\u6548\u4e5f\u5927\u6253\u6298\u6263\uff0c\u8feb\u4f7f\u4e34\u5e8a\u91c7\u7528\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u7597\u7a0b\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9700\u8981\u8054\u5408\u7528\u836f\u6216\u624b\u672f\u6e05\u521b\u3002
\u4e8c\u3001\u5bbf\u4e3b\u514d\u75ab\u53cd\u5e94\u7684\u9002\u5e94\u4e0e\u8017\u7aed
\u6025\u6027\u708e\u75c7\u4ee5\u4e2d\u6027\u7c92\u7ec6\u80de\u5feb\u901f\u6d78\u6da6\u548c\u5267\u70c8\u708e\u75c7\u56e0\u5b50\u91ca\u653e\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u6e05\u9664\u75c5\u539f\u540e\u8fc5\u901f\u6d88\u9000\u3002\u6162\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u5219\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u514d\u75ab\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u7684\u957f\u671f\u91cd\u7f16\u7a0b\u3002\u4ee5\u6162\u6027\u4e59\u578b\u809d\u708e\u6216\u5e7d\u95e8\u87ba\u6746\u83cc\u611f\u67d3\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u957f\u671f\u66b4\u9732\u4f1a\u4fc3\u4f7f\u5bbf\u4e3bT\u7ec6\u80de\u9010\u6e10\u8fdb\u5165\u529f\u80fd\u8017\u7aed\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8868\u9762\u6291\u5236\u6027\u53d7\u4f53\u5982PD-1\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u8c03\uff0c\u5e72\u6270\u7d20\u03b3\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u7ec6\u80de\u56e0\u5b50\u5206\u6ccc\u51cf\u5c11\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u514d\u75ab\u8010\u53d7\u3002\u6839\u636e\u300aNature Reviews Immunology\u300b\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u6297\u539f\u523a\u6fc0\u4e0b\uff0c\u6297\u539f\u7279\u5f02\u6027T\u7ec6\u80de\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0b\u964d\u8d85\u8fc760%\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6162\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u90e8\u4f4d\u5f80\u5f80\u5b58\u5728\u7531M2\u578b\u5de8\u566c\u7ec6\u80de\u4e3b\u5bfc\u7684\u4fee\u590d\u6027\u708e\u75c7\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u53cd\u5e94\u867d\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u9650\u5236\u7ec4\u7ec7\u635f\u4f24\uff0c\u5374\u4e5f\u6291\u5236\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6740\u83cc\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u514d\u75ab\u7a33\u6001\u4f7f\u5f97\u75c5\u539f\u4f53\u4e0e\u5bbf\u4e3b\u957f\u671f\u5171\u5b58\uff0c\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u836f\u7269\u5e72\u9884\u96be\u4ee5\u517c\u987e\u6e05\u9664\u75c5\u539f\u4e0e\u6062\u590d\u514d\u75ab\u76d1\u89c6\uff0c\u6cbb\u7597\u5468\u671f\u56e0\u6b64\u5ef6\u957f\u3002
\u4e09\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u4e0e\u836f\u7269\u9012\u9001\u969c\u788d
\u6162\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u5e38\u4f34\u968f\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u589e\u751f\u3001\u8089\u82bd\u80bf\u5f62\u6210\u6216\u8113\u80bf\u5305\u88f9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784\u65e2\u662f\u5bbf\u4e3b\u9694\u79bb\u75c5\u539f\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u836f\u7269\u6e17\u900f\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5c4f\u969c\u3002\u4ee5\u9aa8\u5173\u8282\u6162\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u611f\u67d3\u7076\u5468\u56f4\u589e\u539a\u7684\u7ea4\u7ef4\u56ca\u58c1\u548c\u7f3a\u8840\u6027\u9aa8\u8d28\u4f7f\u5f97\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u5c40\u90e8\u6d53\u5ea6\u96be\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u6709\u6548\u6740\u83cc\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u636e\u300aThe Journal of Infectious Diseases\u300b\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u6162\u6027\u9aa8\u9ad3\u708e\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u75c5\u7076\u4e2d\u5fc3\u533a\u57df\u7684\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u6d53\u5ea6\u4ec5\u4e3a\u5916\u5468\u8840\u6d53\u5ea6\u768420%\u81f340%\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8113\u80bf\u5185\u4f4epH\u3001\u4f4e\u6c27\u548c\u8425\u517b\u532e\u4e4f\u7684\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u76f4\u63a5\u6291\u5236\u6297\u83cc\u836f\u7269\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6c28\u57fa\u7cd6\u82f7\u7c7b\u836f\u7269\u5728\u538c\u6c27\u548c\u9178\u6027\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u6740\u83cc\u6548\u529b\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5f31\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7269\u7406\u4e0e\u751f\u5316\u969c\u788d\u5171\u540c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4f55\u6162\u6027\u611f\u67d3\u9700\u8981\u6570\u5468\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u6708\u6301\u7eed\u7ed9\u836f\uff0c\u5e76\u5e38\u5e38\u7ed3\u5408\u5916\u79d1\u624b\u6bb5\u53bb\u9664\u574f\u6b7b\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6216\u5f02\u7269\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u9010\u6b65\u6062\u590d\u5c40\u90e8\u836f\u7269\u53ef\u53ca\u6027\u3002
\u56db\u3001\u6cbb\u7597\u7b56\u7565\u4e2d\u7684\u6743\u8861\u4e0e\u6311\u6218
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